using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using System.Windows.Media;

using ScreenFrame.Helper;
using static ScreenFrame.WindowHelper;

namespace ScreenFrame;

/// <summary>
/// Additional methods for <see cref="System.Windows.Media.VisualTreeHelper"/>
/// </summary>
public static class VisualTreeHelperAddition
{
	#region Win32

	[DllImport("User32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
	private static extern IntPtr GetDC(IntPtr hWnd);

	[DllImport("User32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
	[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
	private static extern bool ReleaseDC(
		IntPtr hWnd,
		IntPtr hDC);

	[DllImport("Gdi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
	private static extern int GetDeviceCaps(
		IntPtr hdc,
		int nIndex);

	private const int LOGPIXELSX = 88;
	private const int LOGPIXELSY = 90;

	[DllImport("User32.dll")]
	private static extern uint GetDpiForSystem();

	[DllImport("Shcore.dll")]
	private static extern int GetDpiForMonitor(
		IntPtr hmonitor,
		MONITOR_DPI_TYPE dpiType,
		out uint dpiX,
		out uint dpiY);

	private enum MONITOR_DPI_TYPE
	{
		/// <summary>
		/// Effective DPI that incorporates accessibility overrides and matches what Desktop Window Manage (DWM) uses to scale desktop applications
		/// </summary>
		MDT_Effective_DPI = 0,

		/// <summary>
		/// DPI that ensures rendering at a compliant angular resolution on the screen, without incorporating accessibility overrides
		/// </summary>
		MDT_Angular_DPI = 1,

		/// <summary>
		/// Linear DPI of the screen as measured on the screen itself
		/// </summary>
		MDT_Raw_DPI = 2,

		/// <summary>
		/// Default DPI
		/// </summary>
		MDT_Default = MDT_Effective_DPI
	}

	[DllImport("Shcore.dll")]
	private static extern int GetScaleFactorForMonitor(
		IntPtr hMon,
		out uint pScale);

	#endregion

	#region DPI

	private const double DefaultPixelsPerInch = 96D; // Default pixels per Inch

	/// <summary>
	/// System DPI
	/// </summary>
	public static DpiScale SystemDpi { get; } = GetSystemDpi();

	private static DpiScale GetSystemDpi()
	{
		if (OsVersion.Is10Build14393OrGreater)
		{
			double pixelsPerInch = GetDpiForSystem();
			return new DpiScale(
				pixelsPerInch / DefaultPixelsPerInch,
				pixelsPerInch / DefaultPixelsPerInch);
		}

		var handle = IntPtr.Zero;
		try
		{
			handle = GetDC(IntPtr.Zero);
			if (handle == IntPtr.Zero)
				return new DpiScale(1D, 1D);

			return new DpiScale(
				GetDeviceCaps(handle, LOGPIXELSX) / DefaultPixelsPerInch,
				GetDeviceCaps(handle, LOGPIXELSY) / DefaultPixelsPerInch);
		}
		finally
		{
			if (handle != IntPtr.Zero)
				ReleaseDC(IntPtr.Zero, handle);
		}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Gets Per-Monitor DPI of the monitor to which a specified point belongs.
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="point">Point</param>
	/// <returns>DPI information</returns>
	public static DpiScale GetDpi(Point point)
	{
		if (!OsVersion.Is8Point1OrGreater)
			return SystemDpi;

		var monitorHandle = MonitorFromPoint(
			point,
			MONITOR_DEFAULTTO.MONITOR_DEFAULTTOPRIMARY);

		return GetDpi(monitorHandle);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Gets Per-Monitor DPI of the monitor to which a specified Visual belongs.
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="visual">Visual</param>
	/// <returns>DPI information</returns>
	public static DpiScale GetDpi(Visual visual)
	{
		if (visual is null)
			throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(visual));

		if (!OsVersion.Is8Point1OrGreater)
			return SystemDpi;

		if (OsVersion.Is10Build14393OrGreater)
			return VisualTreeHelper.GetDpi(visual);

		var source = PresentationSource.FromVisual(visual) as HwndSource;
		if (source is null)
			return SystemDpi;

		return GetDpiWindow(source.Handle);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Gets Per-Monitor DPI of the monitor to which the notification area belongs.
	/// </summary>
	/// <returns>DPI information</returns>
	public static DpiScale GetNotificationAreaDpi()
	{
		if (!OsVersion.Is8Point1OrGreater)
			return SystemDpi;

		var taskbarHandle = FindWindowEx(
			IntPtr.Zero,
			IntPtr.Zero,
			PrimaryTaskbarWindowClassName,
			string.Empty);
		if (taskbarHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
			return SystemDpi;

		var notificationAreaHandle = FindWindowEx(
			taskbarHandle,
			IntPtr.Zero,
			NotificationAreaClassName,
			string.Empty);
		if (notificationAreaHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
			return SystemDpi;

		return GetDpiWindow(notificationAreaHandle);
	}

	internal static DpiScale GetDpiWindow(IntPtr windowHandle)
	{
		var monitorHandle = MonitorFromWindow(
			windowHandle,
			MONITOR_DEFAULTTO.MONITOR_DEFAULTTOPRIMARY);

		return GetDpi(monitorHandle);
	}

	private static DpiScale GetDpi(IntPtr monitorHandle)
	{
		if (monitorHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
			return SystemDpi;

		var result = GetDpiForMonitor(
			monitorHandle,
			MONITOR_DPI_TYPE.MDT_Default,
			out uint dpiX,
			out uint dpiY);
		if (result is not S_OK)
			return SystemDpi;

#if DEBUG
		result = GetScaleFactorForMonitor(
			monitorHandle,
			out uint factor);
		if (result is S_OK)
		{
			Debug.Assert(factor == (dpiX / DefaultPixelsPerInch * 100));
		}
#endif

		return new DpiScale(dpiX / DefaultPixelsPerInch, dpiY / DefaultPixelsPerInch);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Converts WM_DPICHANGED message's wParam value to DpiScale.
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="wParam">wParam value</param>
	/// <returns>DPI information</returns>
	public static DpiScale ConvertToDpiScale(IntPtr wParam)
	{
		var dword = (uint)wParam;
		var dpiX = (ushort)(dword & 0xffff);
		var dpiY = (ushort)(dword >> 16);

		return new DpiScale(dpiX / DefaultPixelsPerInch, dpiY / DefaultPixelsPerInch);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Converts WM_DPICHANGED message's lParam value to Rect.
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="lParam">lParam value</param>
	/// <returns>Rectangle</returns>
	public static Rect ConvertToRect(IntPtr lParam)
	{
		return Marshal.PtrToStructure<RECT>(lParam);
	}

	#endregion

	#region VisualTree

	/// <summary>
	/// Attempts to get the first ancestor object of a specified object.
	/// </summary>
	/// <typeparam name="T">Type of ancestor dependency object</typeparam>
	/// <param name="reference">Descendant dependency object</param>
	/// <param name="ancestor">Ancestor dependency object</param>
	/// <returns>True if successfully gets</returns>
	public static bool TryGetAncestor<T>(DependencyObject reference, out T ancestor) where T : DependencyObject
	{
		var parent = reference;

		while (parent is not null)
		{
			parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(parent);
			if (parent is T buffer)
			{
				ancestor = buffer;
				return true;
			}
		}

		ancestor = default;
		return false;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Attempts to get the first descendant object of a specified object.
	/// </summary>
	/// <typeparam name="T">Type of descendant dependency object</typeparam>
	/// <param name="reference">Ancestor dependency object</param>
	/// <param name="descendant">Descendant dependency object</param>
	/// <returns>True if successfully gets</returns>
	public static bool TryGetDescendant<T>(DependencyObject reference, out T descendant) where T : DependencyObject
	{
		var queue = new Queue<DependencyObject>();
		var parent = reference;

		while (parent is not null)
		{
			int count = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
			for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
			{
				var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);
				if (child is T buffer)
				{
					descendant = buffer;
					return true;
				}
				queue.Enqueue(child);
			}

			parent = (0 < queue.Count) ? queue.Dequeue() : null;
		}

		descendant = default;
		return false;
	}

	#endregion
}